In metazoans, the nuclear export of bulk mRNAs is mediated by the export receptor TAP, together with its binding partner p15. A number of viral mRNAs, including the unspliced and partially spliced mRNA species of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), however, use an alternative export route via the importin β-related export receptor CRM1. This raises the question of whether a subset of cellular mRNAs might be exported by CRM1 as well. To identify such mRNAs, we performed a systematic screen in different cell lines, using representational difference analyses of cDNA (cDNA-RDA). In HeLa and Cl-4 cells no cellular transcripts could be identified as exported via CRM1. In contrast, we found a number of CRM1-dependent mRNAs in Jurkat T cells, most of which are induced during a T cell response. One of the identified gene products, the dendritic cell marker CD83, was analyzed in detail. CD83 expression depends on a functional CRM1 pathway in activated Jurkat T cells as well as in a heterologous expression system, independent of activation. Our results point to an important role of the CRM1-dependent export pathway for the expression of CD83 and other genes under conditions of T cell activation.